Diabetes Mellitus and Eyes
Diabetic retinopathy - a defeat receptacles retina caused by the prolonged rise in blood sugar. There is an average of 5 years from the beginning of diabetes, but Type 2 diabetes in 25% of cases (each fourth!) Diabetic retinopathy has already occurred at the time of diagnosis of diabetes.
In type 2 diabetes mellitus oculi first inspection should take place immediately after the detection of diabetes. It is very important time to identify and treat diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy can long itself does not show, however, will ultimately lead to rapid partial or complete loss of vision due to branch or retinal hemorrhage in the vitreous body.
In order to timely detect changes on the retina, threatening the loss of view, should be regularly 1-2 times a year to conduct inspection oculi - ophthalmoscope, even if you do not breach of view are concerned. Observation of oculi should be in the dark room with the obligatory extension of pupil with special drops. Otherwise, some serious changes can not be seen even an experienced doctor.
Initial phenomenon diabetic retinopathy do not require specific treatment. There should be compensated diabetes, try to avoid sharp fluctuations in blood sugar levels, conduct and treatment of arterial hypertension have observed ophthalmologist, preferably dealing with diabetic eye lesions. Admission drugs, improves blood circulation and metabolism in the retina such as trental, doksium, mertilen-forte, and others, has low efficiency, especially against the backdrop of decompensation diabetes.
When serious changes in the eye fundus the only treatment to prevent the loss of view, is timely laser coagulation retina. Laser coagulation retina is not to improve visual acuity (not to be confused with laser correction myopia). Its goal is prevention otsloyki retina, hemorrhages in the vitreous body and slowing progression of changes in the eye fundus, and - in other words, preventing the development of blindness. Laser coagulation retinal performed in specialized outpatient diabetes and ophthalmologic centers. This procedure is performed with local anaesthetic (special drops) and therefore virtually painless. Remember that if after laser coagulation you will be saved poor performance of sugar in the blood, you may need to re-laser coagulation. You are going to retinal laser coagulation, surround with a dark glasses to protect your eyes from bright light after the procedure, and not themselves sit down for a car steering wheel.
When severe retinopathy, leading to frequent hemorrhage in the vitreous body, conducted an operation to remove the vitreous body vitrektomy. This operation is the only thing that allows this situation to preserve eyesight.
Cataract - blurred lens. Cataract is fairly common among people, not illness diabetes. However, when it occurs in diabetes 2-3 times more frequently in connection with penetration and accumulation of sugar in the lens. Cataract apparent decline in visual acuity, fog, before the shroud. The wearing of glasses in this situation is not correct vision. For treatment of cataracts using various vitamin drops (taufon, katahrom, kvinaks, etc.) that improve nutrition lens, but are not able to dissolve the existing blurred.
The use of vitamin drops most effectively in the early stages of cataracts. When mature cataract, significantly violates the vision, conducting its prompt removal to the installation of artificial lens. There are currently developed and applied a new method of surgical treatment of cataracts - fakoemulsifikatsiya. Its advantages are small traumatic, shorter recovery period after surgery and minimal risk of complications.
Glaucoma - increase intraocular pressure. There is a sense of pain and pressure in the eyeball, the reduction of visual acuity. Sometimes glaucoma detected by chance when measuring intraocular pressure. For treatment using special drops (pilocarpine, arutimol, oftan, etc.) that reduce intracranial pressure. Also applying prompt treatment. If you found glaucoma, should be regularly monitored at the ophthalmologist. Self-appointed discontinue treatment unacceptable.
Diabetes mellitus and visual acuity. Fluctuations in blood sugar can sometimes be accompanied by fluctuations in visual acuity, as the lens while changing its curvature. Thus, when severe decompensation possible emergence of diabetes temporary myopia, which disappears or significantly reduced by the background of the normalization of blood sugar. Restoring normal state lens and the stabilization of visual acuity occurs within 1-2 months after the elimination of hyperglycemia. In connection with the selection of glasses useful exercise not earlier than 2 months of maintaining a stable glycemia.
